What is ubiquitous computing/pervasive computing

Ubiquitous computing (or "ubicomp") could be a conception in package engineering and engineering wherever computing is created to look anytime and all over. In distinction to desktop computing, present computing will occur victimization any device, in any location, and in any format. A user interacts with the pc, which might exist in many various forms, as well as portable computer computers, tablets and terminals in everyday objects like a electric refrigerator or a combine of glasses. The underlying technologies to support present computing embrace web, advanced middle ware, software system, mobile code, sensors, microprocessors, new I/O and user interfaces, networks, mobile protocols, location and positioning and new materials.

This paradigm is additionally represented as pervasive computing close intelligence, or "every ware". every term emphasizes slightly totally different aspects. once primarily regarding the objects concerned, it's conjointly called physical computing, the net of Things, perception computing, and "things that think". instead of propose one definition for present computing and for these connected terms, a taxonomy of properties for present computing has been planned, from that totally different types or flavors of present systems and applications is represented

History of ubiquitous

History of ubiquitous/pervasive computing

Ubiquitous computing was initial pioneered at the Olivetti research lab in Cambridge England, wherever the Active Badge, a "clip-on computer" the scale of Associate in Nursing worker ID card, was created, sanctionative the corporate to trace the situation of individuals during a building, additionally because the objects to that they were connected.

Pervasive computing

Largely thought of the daddy of present computing, Mark Wiser and colleagues at Xerox PARC presently thenceforth began building early incarnations of present computing devices within the type of "tabs," "pads" and "boards."

Wiser represented present computing:

Inspired by the social scientists, philosophers and anthropologists at PARC, we've been attempting to require a radical verify what computing and networking have to be compelled to be like. we tend to believe that individuals pass though their practices and in explicit data, so the foremost powerful things square measure people who square measure effectively invisible in use. this is often a challenge that affects all of applied science. Our preliminary approach: Activate the planet. give many wireless computing devices per person per workplace of all scales (from 1" displays to wall-sized). This has needed new add operative systems, user interfaces, networks, wireless, displays and lots of alternative areas. we tend to decision our work "ubiquitous computing." this is often totally different from PDAs [personal digital assistants], Dynabooks or info at your fingertips. it's invisible, all over computing that doesn't carry on a private device of any kind, however is within the woodwork all over.

Intel to cut up to 12,000 jobs as PC industry swoons

CALIFORNIA (Reuters) - Intel Corp (INTC.O) said on Tuesday it would cut up to 12,000 jobs globally, or 11 percent of its workforce, as it refocuses its business towards making microchips that power data centers and Internet connected devices and away from the declining personal computer industry it helped found.

Tech companies including the former Hewlett Packard Co and Microsoft Corp (MSFT.O) have reorganized in the face of the PC industry decline. Many new tech users around the world turn to mobile phones for their computing needs, and corporations increasingly rely on big machines rather than desktop models to run their businesses. Global personal computer shipments fell 11.5 percent in the first quarter, tech research company IDC said on Monday.

Intel, the world s largest chipmaker, lowered its revenue forecast for the year. It now expects revenue to rise in mid-single digits, down from its previous forecast of mid- to high-single digits.

Intel s shares were down 2.2 percent at $30.90 in extended trading.

Most of Intel s factories are in the United States, although it did not identify where cuts would be focused geographically. It said it would record a pretax restructuring charge of $1.2 billion in the second quarter and expected annual savings of $1.4 billion per year starting mid-2017. (bit.ly/1WDPfBm)

The company also said Chief Financial Officer Stacy Smith will move to a new role leading sales, manufacturing and operations. Intel said it would begin a formal search process for a new CFO.

Smith said that Intel now expects the PC market to decline by a percentage in the high single digits in 2016 versus a prior forecast of a mid single-digit decline. Declines in China and other emerging markets are also leading to greater than anticipated reductions in worldwide PC supply chain inventory, Intel Chief Executive Brian Krzanich said on a conference call.

"PC demand, at least in the eyes of Intel, is expected to be weaker than the industry originally anticipated," said Angelo Zino, an equity analyst at S&P Capital Global Market Intelligence.

He added that although the industry has already seen some of the weakness experienced by Intel, the company s comments dashed any hope of recovery.

The Santa Clara, California-based company has been focusing on its higher-margin data center business as it looks to reduce its dependence on the slowing PC market. Intel has also made inroads into the mobile devices market, although competitors Qualcomm Inc (QCOM.O) and Samsung Electronics Co(005930.KS) dominate there.

Intel said in a statement the job cuts would be carried out by mid-2017 and the restructuring would "accelerate its evolution from a PC company to one that powers the cloud and billions of smart, connected computing devices."

Sales of products for the data center and the Internet of things accounted for 40 percent of revenue and the majority of operating profit, it added.

Raymond James analyst Hans Mosesmann, who rates Intel "under perform" said the problems leading to the job cuts were likely more about Intel than the broader tech industry.

"The bigger issue is the restructuring and will it be enough for the company to properly adapt to a changing environment where cloud and IoT competitive dynamics are quite different," Mosesmann added.

On a per share basis, the company earned 42 cents per share, in the first quarter, up from 41 cents a year earlier.

Net revenue rose to $13.70 billion from $12.78 billion.

Non-GAAP net revenue came in at $13.80 billion, compared with analysts  average estimate of $13.83 billion, according to Thomson Reuters I/B/E/S. Adjusted earnings of 54 cents per share topped Wall Street forecasts of 48 cents.

Up to Tuesday s close, Intel s shares had fallen 8.4 percent this year, compared with a slight gain in the broader semiconductor index . 

IBM reports worst revenue in 14 years, shares slide

(Reuters) - International Business Machines Corp reported its worst quarterly revenue in 14 years as results from newer businesses including cloud and mobile computing failed to offset declines in its traditional businesses, sending shares down nearly 5 percent in extended trading.
Revenue of the world’s largest technology services company fell 4.6 percent to $18.68 billion in the first quarter, but beat analysts’ average estimate of $18.29 billion.

It was the 16th straight quarter of revenue decline for IBM.

Under Chief Executive Ginni Rometty, IBM has been moving toward areas such as cloud-based services, security software and data analytics, while trimming its traditional hardware business by exiting low-margin businesses.

However, revenue in the company’s newer businesses is failing to make up for declines in its traditional segments.

Bernstein analyst Toni Sacconaghi, in a research note before results, wrote that the falloff in IBM’s traditional businesses was dwarfing the company’s ability to capture new revenue.

Revenue from "strategic imperatives," which includes cloud and mobile computing, data analytics, social and security software, rose about 14 percent in the first quarter.

But revenue from the services and hardware segments fell 4.3 percent and 21.8 percent, respectively, in the quarter.

Excluding items, IBM earned $2.35 per share, beating the average analyst estimate of $2.09.

The company received a $1 billion refund in the quarter that lowered its effective tax rate to a negative 95.1 percent compared with 19.5 percent last year.

The company maintained its full-year adjusted earnings guidance of at least $13.50 per share. Analysts on average were expecting $13.55, according to Thomson Reuters I/B/E/S.

Up to Monday’s close, IBM’s shares had risen 10.83 percent this year, compared with a 2.46 percent gain in the S&P 500 index .SPX. 

Dell Inspiron 15 5000 Flagship

Screen Size	15.6 inches
Screen Resolution	1366x768
Processor	2.4 GHz Intel Core i7
RAM	8 GB DDR3 SDRAM
Hard Drive	1 TB HDD 5400 rpm
Graphics Coprocessor	Intel Integrated Graphics
Wireless Type	802.11A, Bluetooth
Average Battery Life (in hours)	5 hours

Brand Name	Dell
Series	Dell I5558
Item model number	Dell 5000 Series
Hardware Platform	PC
Operating System	Windows 10 Home
Item Weight	6.5 pounds
Product Dimensions	14.9 x 10.2 x 0.9 inches
Item Dimensions L x W x H	14.9 x 10.25 x 0.95 inches
Color	Silver
Processor Brand	5th Intel Core i7-5500U
Processor Count	2
Computer Memory Type	DDR3 SDRAM
Hard Drive Interface	Serial ATA
Hard Drive Rotational Speed	5400 RPM
Power Source	AC

EVGA GeForce GT 740 Superclocked Single Slot 2GB DDR3 Graphics Cards 02G-P4-2742-KR

• EVGA GT 740 - 10X faster video editing, 13X faster photo editing, 9X faster web browsing, and 4X faster gaming performance compared to integrated graphics.
• EVGA's 24/7 Technical Support
• Base Clock: 1059 MHz

• Memory Clock: 1334 MHz Effective
• CUDA Cores: 384
• Memory Detail: 2048MB DDR3
• Memory Bit Width 128 Bit / Memory Bandwidth: 21.35 GB/s
• Recommended PSU: 400W or greater power supply

Gigabyte AMD R7 360 128 Bit GDDR5 2GB 2xDVI/HDMI/DP Overclocked Graphics Card GV-R736OC-2GD

• OC Edition - Core Clock: 1200MHz (Standard: 1050MHz)
• Powered by AMD Radeon R7 360 GPU
• Integrated with industry's best 2GB GDDR5 memory 128-bit memory interface
• The vendor SKU for this item is GV-R736OC-2GD

ZOTAC GeForce GTX 970 4GB ZT-90101-10P

• Chipset: NVIDIA GeForce GTX 970
• Video Memory: 4GB GDDR5
• Max Resolution: 2560 x 1600, Support 4x Display Monitors
• Microsoft Windows 8/7/Vista 32/64-bit

• 500W System Power Supply Recommended. 145W Max Power Consumption
• Package Contents : ZT-90101-10P, DVI-to-VGA adapter, 2 x Dual MOLEX-to-6-pin PCIe adapter, Driver Disk, User Manual.

• Extended warranty included with every graphics card purchase. User registration required on ZOTAC website.
• Get VR-Ready with GeForce GTX 970

Newest HP Pavilion

• Enjoy the Powerful All-Around Laptop Equipped with Gen 4 Intel Core i7 Processor, 8GB Memory, 1TB Hard Drive, a huge 17.3-inch Display, B&O PLAY Audio and much more!
• 17.3" display 1600 x 900 HD+ resolution for a clear picture. BrightView technology. WLED backlight. Intel HD Graphics 4400;
• Intel Dual-Core 4-Thread i7-4510U 2.0GHz up to 3.1GHz Turbo Frequency 4MB Cache, 8GB DDR3L Memory, 1TB Hard Drive;
• 2 USB 3.0, 1 USB 2.0, 1 HDMI, 1 RJ-45, 1 SD Card Reader, 802.11.BGN WiFi, DVDRW, Webcam;
• Windows 10 Home 64 Bit Operating System, the best Windows OS yet, with Windows 7 Start Menu!
  

Screen Size	17.3 inches
Screen Resolution	1600x900
Max Screen Resolution	1600x900
Processor	2 GHz Intel Core i7
RAM	8 GB SDRAM DDR3
Memory Speed	1600 MHz
Hard Drive	1 TB HDD 5400 rpm
Graphics Coprocessor	Intel HD Graphics
Chipset Brand	Intel
Card Description	Intel HD Graphics 4400
Wireless Type	802.11bgn, Bluetooth
Number of USB 2.0 Ports	1
Average Battery Life (in hours)	4 hour

Brand Name	HP
Series	hp 17
Item model number	hp pavillion
Hardware Platform	PC
Operating System	Windows 10
Item Weight	7 pounds
Product Dimensions	16.5 x 11.3 x 1.1 inches
Item Dimensions L x W x H	16.5 x 11.29 x 1.12 inches
Processor Brand	Intel
Processor Count	2
Computer Memory Type	DDR3 SDRAM
Hard Drive Interface	Serial ATA
Hard Drive Rotational Speed	5400.00
Optical Drive Type	DVD+RW
Power Source	AC
Voltage	110 volts

Newest Dell Inspiron 17.3" Laptop 2016

• Newest 6th Generation Intel Skylake Core i7-6500U Processor (4MB Cache, up to 3.10 GHz, Dual Core), AMD Radeon R5 M335 Discrete Graphics with Dedicated 4GB DDR3 Video Memory
• 8GB DDR3L 1600MHz SDRAM, 1TB 5400rpm Hard Drive, Multiformat DVD/CD-RW drive, 1 USB 3.0, 2 USB 2.0
• 17.3 inch LED Backlit Anti Glare Display with Truelife FHD resolution (1920 x 1080), HDMI, 720p HD Webcam

• Newest 802.11 AC Gigabit Wifi, 1G LAN Ethernet, Bluetooth 4.0, Waves MaxxAudio, Media Card (SD, SDHC, SDXC) reader
• Windows 7 Professional English 64bit (Includes Windows 10 Pro License), backlit keyboard, 40 WHr 4-Cell Battery

EVGA GeForce GT 730 1GB GDDR5 64bit DVI/HDMI/VGA Low Profile Graphics Card 01G-P3-3731-KR

• EVGA GT 730 - Enjoy all your videos and pictures at HD resolutions, with faster video/photo editing, faster web browsing, and faster gaming performance compared to integrated graphics.
• EVGA's 24/7 Technical Support
• Base Clock: 902 MHz

• Memory Clock: 5000 MHz Effective
• CUDA Cores: 384
• Memory Detail: 1024MB GDDR5
• Memory Bit Width 64 Bit / Memory Bandwidth: 40 GB/s
• Recommended PSU: 300W or greater power supply

Nvidia Announces Pascal-Based Tesla P100 GPU With HBM2

Nvidia's new Pascal GPU is aimed at super computing, packing 15.3-billion transistors, 16-nm FinFET technology and HBM 2.0 memory. Meet the Tesla P100.

During its big Tuesday Keynote at GTC 2016, Nvidia announced the Tesla P100 GPU. Based on the new Pascal architecture, which uses 16nm FinFET technology, it packs in 15.3 billion transistors, uses HBM2 memory, and steps up performance with some vigor. The chip is 600 mm square and connects to the memory with 4,000 wires (Maxwell has 384).

It also includes NVLink, a new interconnect capable of 160 GB/s. NVLink is what Nvidia will use to connect the graphics card to the system instead of PCI-Express, which would not offer enough bandwidth. Nvidia claimed a 5x performance improvement with its new interconnect.

The Tesla P100 has 16 GB of CoWoS (Chip on Wafer on Substrate) 3D-stacked HBM2 memory, with an enormous 720 GB/s memory bandwidth. It is a new unified memory architecture. The chip has 14 MB of shared memory register files with an aggregate throughput of 80 TB/s, along with 4 MB of L2 cache.At FP64, the Tesla P100 pulls off 5.3 TF of performance, jumping to 10.6 FP at FP32. At FP16, that number becomes a staggering 21.2 TF.

The Tesla P100 is in volume production today and will ship “soon." Jen-Hsun Huang said that really means it will show up in the cloud first, and ship via OEMs in Q1 2017. 

Of course, as a consumer, you can’t have this chip yet. That’s no surprise. In the past, Nvidia also first implemented its new architectures and GPUs in scientific super computing before bringing it to the consumer market. Nvidia did not announce when we would be seeing a consumer-oriented Pascal chip.

EVGA GeForce GTX 680 Superclocked

Performance

NVIDIA GTX 680

1536 CUDA Cores

1058 MHz GPU

1124MHz Boost Clock

Memory

2048 MB, 256 bit GDDR5

6208 MHz (effective)

198.66 GB/s Memory Bandwidth

Interface

PCI-E 3.0 16x

DVI-I, DVI-D, HDMI, Display-Port

SLI Capable

Resolution & Refresh

240Hz Max Refresh Rate

2048×1536 Max Analog

2560×1600 Max Digital

Product Warranty

This product comes with a 3 year limited warranty. Registration is recommended

EVGA offers several warranty solutions for our customers to choose from. Please refer to the suffix of the part number and our warranty terms for details.

Operating System Support

Windows 7 32/64bit, Windows Vista 32/64bit, Windows XP 32/64bit

Requirements

Minimum of a 550 Watt power supply.

(Minimum recommended power supply with +12 Volt current rating of 38 Amps.)

Two available 6-pin PCI-E power dongles

Get to the next level with the EVGA GeForce GTX 680. This card delivers truly game-changing performance that taps into the powerful new GeForce architecture to redefine smooth, seamless, lifelike gaming. It offers brand new, never before seen features that will redefine the way you think about performance graphics cards. Expect more from your graphics card that just state-of-the-art features and technology; get faster, smoother and a richer gaming experience with the EVGA GeForce GTX 680.